Hītori me te Ahurea · Kiriata me ngā pukapuka · 8 meneti

Te Rūreti i ngā Tuhinga

Te whakamahi a ngā kaituhi pukapuka paki i te rūreti hei tuhi mō te moni, mō te hiahia pōrangi me te tūpono.

Whakautu poto

Mai i The Gambler a Dostoevsky ki te Klondike a Jack London me Casino Royale a Fleming, ko te rūreti i ngā kōrero paki e pā ana ki te kaitākaro, kaua ki te wīra. Ko ngā mea pai rawa ka whakaahua i te pōhēhē, i te waranga me te pūnaha mai i roto, me te tika kāore rawa i tutuki i ngā puka rautaki.

Lablée, La Roulette
1801
Dostoevsky, The Gambler
1866
London, Shorty Dreams
1912
Fleming, Casino Royale
1953

Lablée, 1801

He pukapuka paki a La Roulette, ou le Jour kei roto nei te whakaahuatanga katoa tuatahi o te kēmu: ngā rūma o Palais-Royal, ngā korewīraKoreTe kōhao kākāriki kotahi kāore e kapia e tētahi peti utu ōrite, tatini, tīwae rānei; te pūtake o te painga o te whare. Arā anō: kore kotahi, 0.Pānuitia katoatia → e rua, te mahere petitaputapuMahere petiTe tukutuku peti kua tāia ki te tēpu. Arā anō: tēpu, kākahu tēpu, felt.Pānuitia katoatia →, ngā karanga a ngā kaitiritiritāngataKurupiēTe kaitiritiri i te tēpu rūreti.Pānuitia katoatia →. Ko ia te puna taketake mō te takenga mai o te rūreti, ā, tata kore he tangata kua pānui i a ia hei pukapuka paki, ā, he tika pea tērā.

Dostoevsky, 1866

I whakahuatia a The Gambler i roto i ngā rā 26 kia ea ai tētahi kirimana, kia utua ai ngā nama petipeti i puta i Wiesbaden me Homburg. Ko tōna kaikōrero, ko Alexei, he kaiako i tētahi whare Rūhia i “Roulettenburg”, ka toa i tētahi taonga nui i ngā tēpu, ā, ka ngaro i a ia, me ia anō, i te roanga o te pukapuka. Ko ngā whakaahuatanga o ngā tēpu, o ngā pūnaha e whakamahia ana e ngā kaitākaro, o te tino whakapono me mutu tētahi raupapa, me te rongo i tētahi toa he māramatanga, te kōrero pai rawa mō te pōhēhē a te kaipetipeti i tētahi reo, i tuhia tata ki te rima tekau tau i mua i ngā pangopetiPangoHe peti utu ōrite ki ngā tau pango e 18. Wīwī: noir.Pānuitia katoatia → e 26, ā, he rautau i mua i te ōhanga whanonga.

mahitaute mea e tika ana
Lablée, La Roulette, ou le Jour1801te kēmu tonu; te whakaahuatanga katoa tuatahi
Pushkin, The Queen of Spades1834te pūnaha hei hiahia pōrangi (faro, ehara i te rūreti)
Thackeray, Vanity Fair1848te pāpori o ngā whare petipeti o ngā tāone wai ora; a Becky i ngā tēpu
Dostoevsky, The Gambler1866te pōhēhē mai i roto; te waranga; te whare petipeti o te tāone wai ora
London, “Shorty Dreams” (Smoke Bellew)1912te toa pono anake: he wīra piko, ehara i te pūnaha
Fleming, Casino Royale1953ka peti a Bond ki ngā tatini e rua; te whare petipeti hei whare tapere
Bass, The Eudaemonic Pie1985tuhinga pono: te ahupūngao ki te wīra
ngā tuhinga pono mō te whare petipeti, pērā i ā Mezrichngā tau 2000te pūnaha e whai hua ana (he kēmu kāri i ngā wā katoa; kāore rawa he rūreti)

Bad Homburg me ngā Whare Petipeti o ngā Tāone WaiarikiTe Roulettenburg a Dostoevsky

Thackeray me ngā tāone wai ora

Ka mutu a Vanity Fair ki a Becky Sharp i ngā tēpu o tētahi tāone wai ora o Tiamana, ā, ko taua upoko he whakaahua koi o te hunga i noho ki te taha o tētahi wīra rūreti i ngā tau 1840: te hunga kua mōtiti, te hunga e tūmanako ana, te hunga hōhā me te hunga ngaio. I kite a Thackeray; kei te huarahi o ia kaihaere Ingarihi a Baden-Baden. Kei aua rūma anō te kōrero o Smoke (1867) a Turgenev.

Te hunga kua mōtiti, te hunga e tūmanako ana, te hunga hōhā me te hunga ngaio e karapoti ana i tētahi tēpu rūreti o te tāone wai ora.

Jack London, 1912

Ko “Shorty Dreams”, he kōrero i roto i Smoke Bellew, te kōrero paki kotahi e tika ana mō tētahi kaitākaro rūreti e toa ana, nā te mea kāore te kaitākaro e whakamahi ana i tētahi pūnaha. Ko Smoke Bellew, he tangata nō San Francisco kua huri hei kaikeri kōura i Klondike, ka noho ki tētahi tēpu rūreti i te pāpara Elkhorn i Dawson, ā, ka tīmata ki te toa, i ia pō, i ia pō, ngā tāra 3,500 i ia wā. Ka whakatau tana hoa, a Shorty, kei te moemoeā ia. Ko ngā kaipetipeti o Dawson, e mōhio ana mai i “the mathematic sharps in the colleges” (ngā tohunga pāngarau o ngā whare wānanga) ko te rūreti anō te pūnaha anake, ka whakakīia e rātou ngā pukapuka tuhi i a rātou e ngana ana ki te wetewete i āna peti, ā, kāore he mea i kitea, nā te mea ka whakarerekē a Smoke i tāna tākaro mā te whakaaro, ā, i tētahi wā ka hinga i ngā peti tepe e whā tekau ki te raupapa hei whakapōrearea i te āhua.

Ka kohia e ngā rangatira kēmu tekau o te tāone he pēke 10,000 tāra ki tētahi rūma o muri, ā, ka pōwhiritia ia kia whawhai ki taua pēke. Ka whatiia e ia i roto i te hāora me te hāwhe. I te aroaro o te whakaheke i ō rātou tepe ki te hēneti kotahi, o te kati rānei i ngā tēpu, ka pātai rātou he aha te utu hei hoko i te pūnaha. E toru tekau mano tāra, tāna kī, e toru mano mā ia tangata, me utu ki te puehu kōura, ā, ka kī taurangi ia e kore rawa ia e tākaro anō i Dawson. Ka utu rātou. Kātahi ia ka whakaatu: ina panaia te pōrotaputapuPōroTe pōro iti ka panga ki te ara, ki te ahunga kōaro ki te rōta. Ko ngā pōro o nāianei he ivorine, he Teflon rānei, 18–21 mm.Pānuitia katoatia → i te wā e anga ana te 9 ki te kaitiaki, ka toa te 26; mēnā ko te 11 e anga ana, ka puta te kore-ruamomoKore-ruaTe kōhao 00 o te wīra Amerika. Nā tōna noho ka piki te painga o te whare mai i te 2.70% ki te 5.26%.Pānuitia katoatia →; mēnā ko te kore-rua e anga ana, ka puta te 32. “It doesn’t always happen, but it usually happens.” (Kāore e puta i ngā wā katoa, engari i te nuinga o te wā ka puta.) Ka whakamutu a Big Burke i te wīra, ka titiro ki a ia, ka titiro ki te umu ahi i te taha o te tēpu, ā, ka kanga. Kua pikopiko te wīra i te wera. Ehara rawa i te pūnaha; he wīra tītahataiwhangaWīra tītahaHe wīra e nui ake ai te tūponotanga o ētahi kōhao i te 1/37 nā ōna hē ā-tinana. He onge, ka kitea anake i ngā mano hurihanga kua tuhia.Pānuitia katoatia → me tētahi tangata i kite.

I noho a London ki Klondike i te takurua o 1897–98, ā, i mōhio ia ki ngā pāpara. He akoranga katoa te kōrero mō te tākaro whai painga, tata ki te rima tekau tau i mua i a Thorp: tirohia, tuhia, petihia te wāhangawīraWāhangaHe pewa kōhao honohono i te wīra, he rerekē i tētahi rōpū i te mahere peti.Pānuitia katoatia →, whakarerekētia te tauira kia kore ai te whare e kite i tāu e kite ana, ā, hokona i mua i tā rātou neke i te tēpu. Nā Joseph Jagger i mahi te mea tūturu i Monte Carlo i te tau 1880 pea; he kata ake tā London, ā, ko te kauhau a ngā kaipetipeti mō te take e kore ai ngā pūnaha e whai hua he tika pērā i ngā mea katoa o tēnei pae.

Ka whakamutu a Big Burke i te wīra, ā, ka titiro ki te umu ahi nā tōna wera i piko ai.

Te Rūreti o Monte CarloPakiwaitara: He Rautaki Rūreti e Toa Ana i ngā Wā Katoa

Fleming, 1953

Ko te nuinga o Casino Royale he baccarat. I te rūreti ka peti a Bond ki ngā tatinipetiTatini1–12, 13–24, 25–36 rānei, ko te utunga 2:1.Pānuitia katoatia → tuatahi e rua i te tepe nui o te tēpu, e hipoki ana i ngā hautoru e rua o te mahere peti, ā, i taua whakaaturanga ka toa i ngā hurihanga e ono i ngā hurihanga e whitu; ka meinga ia e Fleming kia kite kāore he hononga o ia hurihanga ki te hurihanga i mua. Ko te “rautaki James Bond” e hokona ana ā-ipurangi, he horanga ki te 19–36, ki te rārangi onopetiRārangi onoNgā tau e ono i ngā rārangi e rua e tata ana, ko te utunga 5:1. Wīwī: sixain.Pānuitia katoatia → 13–18 me te kore, kāore i roto i te pukapuka, kāore hoki i ētahi o ngā pukapuka a Fleming i tirohia e mātou; kāore e mōhiotia nā wai i tapa tuatahi ki te ingoa o Bond. E 2.70% te utu o ngā peti e rua i tētahi wīra kore kotahi. Kei te wāhanga Rautaki te tātai.

Te tākaro a Bond i te pukapuka: te tepe nui o te tēpu ki ngā tatini tuatahi e rua.

Ngā Tepe Tēpu Rūreti

Ngā tuhinga pono

Ka kōrero a The Eudaemonic Pie (1985) a Thomas Bass i te kōrero o ngā rorohiko hū, ā, koinei te pukapuka pai rawa mō te ahupūngao o te rūreti mō te kaipānui whānui. Nā Richard Epstein rāua ko Stewart Ethier i tuhi te pāngarau hōhonu. Ka kohia e Beating the Wheel (1992) a Russell Barnhart te hītori o te tākaro wīra tītaha. Kāore anō tētahi kia tuhi i tētahi pukapuka māmā te pānui mō te take e rahua ai ngā pūnaha, nā te mea ka ūru ki tētahi whārangi kotahi, ā, kei tēnei pae taua whārangi.

Te rūreti i te whārangi
1801

Lablée. Ka whakaahuatia te kēmu.

1834

Pushkin. Te pūnaha hei pōrangi (i te faro).

1848

Thackeray. Te mano o ngā whare petipeti o ngā tāone wai ora.

1866

Dostoevsky. Te kaipetipeti tūturu rawa.

1892

Te waiata: “The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo”.

1912

London. Ka hinga i a Smoke tētahi wīra piko i Dawson, ā, ka hokona te “pūnaha”.

1953

Fleming. Ka peti a Bond ki ngā tatini e rua.

1985–92

Bass; Barnhart. Ngā tuhinga pono mō te hinga i te wīra.

2010

Ethier. Te pāngarau, kua oti katoa.

Ngā Eudaemons

Ngā mea e mōhiotia ana e ngā kōrero paki

He huarahi te pūnaha e rongo ai koe kei a koe te mana whakahaere. Ka rite te rongo o te toa ki te mōhiotanga. Ka haere tonu te raupapa e kore e taea te haere tonu. Ko te kaitākaro anake e tino toa ana ko te mea i kite i tētahi hē i te wīra, ā, me hoko wawe ia. Ko te tēpu te wāhi e whakaatu ai tētahi tangata o te kōrero ko wai ia, ina kāore te hua i a ia. E kī ana te pāngarau i aua mea anō ki ngā tau; nā ngā kaituhi pukapuka paki i kī tuatahi.

Ngā pātai

Ko tēhea pukapuka paki me pānui tuatahi e au?

Ko The Gambler. He poto, ā, kei roto te kaupapa katoa.

He haurongo a The Gambler?

He tata tonu. Kei reira katoa ngā ngaronga ake a Dostoevsky, tana kaituhi poto (i mārena ai ia) me te tāone wai ora.

Nā Fleming i waihanga te horanga Bond?

Kāore. I Casino Royale ka peti a Bond ki ngā tatini e rua. Ko te horanga ki te 19–36, te 13–18 me te kore, i tapaina ki tōna ingoa i muri mai, e tētahi atu.

I taea te mahi tinihanga a Smoke Bellew?

Āe. Ko te wīra piko, te wīra tītaha rānei te mea tonu i whakamahia e Jagger i Monte Carlo, ā, ka whakamārama te wāhanga Taiwhanga me pēhea te kite i tētahi. Ko ngā tāra e toru tekau mano te wāhanga paki.

He katakata iti

I mōhio ngā kaituhi pukapuka paki. Kāore anō hoki i āwhina i a rātou.

I mōhio ngā kaituhi pukapuka paki. Kāore anō hoki i āwhina i a rātou.

Ngā Puna

  1. Lablée, J. La Roulette, ou le Jour. Pārihi, 1801.
  2. London, J. Smoke Bellew. Century, 1912. I puta tuatahi a “Shorty Dreams” i Cosmopolitan, 1911.
  3. Bass, T. A. The Eudaemonic Pie. Houghton Mifflin, 1985.
  4. Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel. Lyle Stuart, 1992.
  5. Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005.
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