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Kia mārama ki te rūreti. Ehara i te wāhi anake e tukuna ai ngā maramara.

Akohia ngā ture, tukuna ētahi peti whakaharatau, kātahi ka whakamātau i ngā rautaki. Mā ā mātou taputapu me ngā whaihanga e whakaatu ki a koe te āhua o te mahi a te rūreti, i tēnā hurihanga, i tēnā hurihanga.

37 kōhao i te raupapa o te wīra, ko te 0 i te tuatahi · whero 18 · pango 18 · kākāriki 1
Kāore he peti kua kōwhiria
ngā kōhao37 (0–36)
painga o te whare2.70% i ia peti
korekotahi, kākāriki
tohutautohua tētahi kōhao · pātōtia te tēpu
01 · Te rūreti i ngā meneti 5

He rauna kotahi, mai i te tīmatanga ki te mutunga

Pānuitia te akoranga katoa →
01
Whakatakotoria ngā maramara
Whakatakotoria ngā maramara ki ngā tau, ki ngā pouaka rānei e karapoti ana i a rātou. Ka taea e koe te tuku peti maha i te wā kotahi.
02
Ka tukuna te pōro
Ka hurihia e te kaitiritiri te wīra ki tētahi ahunga, ā, ka tukuna te pōro kia huri haere i te taiapa ki tērā atu ahunga.
03
Kua kati ngā peti
Ka wherahia e te kaitiritiri tōna ringa ki runga i te mahere peti. Kua kore e taea te neke i ngā maramara.
04
Ka taka te pōro
Ka tau te pōro ki tētahi o ngā kōhao 37. Ka tohua e te kaitiritiri te tau toa ki te tēpu.
05
Whakatau utu
Ka tangohia ngā maramara i hinga i te tuatahi, kātahi ka utua ngā peti i toa i ngā tūpono pūmau o te peti.
02 · Kia mārama ki te tēpu

He ōrite ngā tau, he rerekē ngā kiritata

Pātōtia ngā tau hei tuku maramara tau kotahi, he pouaka o waho rānei hei kapi i tētahi rōpū. Ka miramiratia e te wīra i runga aua kōhao anō, kia kite ai koe ehara ngā kiritata o te tēpu i ngā kiritata o te wīra.

Kaihanga peti · moni peti $10 ia tau
ngā kōhao37 (0–36)
painga o te whare2.70% i ia peti
korekotahi, kākāriki
tohutautohua tētahi kōhao · pātōtia te tēpu
03 · Ngā momo peti matua

He iti iho ngā tau, he nui ake te utunga, he ōrite te painga

utunga = 36/n − 1 · painga = 1/37
04 · Tūponotanga me te painga o te whare

I ahu mai i hea te painga 2.70% o te whare petipeti

Whakautu poto
He painga o te whare 2.70% tō te rūreti Ūropi mō ia peti paerewa.
He aha ai
Ka utua e te whare petipeti te toa tau kotahi i te 35:1, ahakoa e 37 ngā putanga ka taea. Ko te tūpono tōkeke he 36:1. Ko te wae e ngaro ana, ka horahia ki ngā putanga 37, koia te painga.
Tātai
EV = (1/37)·(+35) + (36/37)·(−1)
   = 35/37 − 36/37
   = −1/37 ≈ −0.0270
Te pāngarau katoa →
He peti ōrite, e toru ngā wīra
Ūropi
37 ngā kōhao · 1 kore
2.70%
Amerika
38 ngā kōhao · 0 me 00
5.26%
Wīwī
37 ngā kōhao · la partage
1.35%
Ka hāwhetia e ngā ture Wīwī te painga mō ngā peti utu ōrite anake: ina puta te kore, ka whakahokia e te la partage te hāwhe o te moni peti, ā, ka puritia e te en prison mō tētahi atu hurihanga. Ko ngā mea katoa o tēnei paetukutuku e whakapae ana ko te wīra Ūropi, ki te kore e kīia kētia.
05 · Rautaki

Te mahi tūturu a ngā pūnaha peti

I te Martingale, ka whakarearuatia e koe tō peti i muri i ia hinga. Ka taea e ngā toa iti te puranga, kātahi ka taea e tētahi raupapa hinga te muru katoa. Ka noho tonu te ngaronga tūmanako ki te 2.70% mō ia tāra kua petihia.

hinga #peti e whai aketapeke kua tūrarup(tae)
0$10$10100.00%
1$20$3051.35%
2$40$7026.37%
3$80$15013.54%
4$160$3106.95%
5$320$6303.57%
6$640$1,2701.83%
7$1,280$2,5500.94%
Peti tīmatanga $10, tepe tēpu $500. I muri i ngā hinga e ono, ko te peti e whai ake he $640, kei runga ake i te tepe: ka whati te kauneke, ā, kua ngaro te $630. Ko te tūpono o ngā hinga raupapa e ono ki te whero he (19/37)^6 = 1.83%, tata ki te kotahi i ia 55 whakamātau.
Martingale me te peti papatahi · he wā tākaro kākano kotahi150 hurihanga · whero · mutunga: mart +$680 · papatahi −$120
+$690−$260
06 · Taiwhanga Rūreti

Ko ngā tau wera, he haruru matapōkere noa iho te nuinga o te wā

Ka whakaputa tonu te wīra tōkeke i ngā tauira tītaha. Ka kōrero te Taiwhanga mō te ahupūngao o te wīra me te pōro, te kite tītaha, te rahinga tauira me te tatauranga e hiahiatia ana kia wehea te hapa tūturu i te raupapa waimarie.

ngā hurihanga370
kōhao wera rawa20 · 16 putanga (i tūmanakohia 10)
chi-square (df 36)32.8
uara-p0.62
whakataukāore he taunakitanga o te tītaha
Haere ki te Taiwhanga →
Ngā putanga i kitea mō ia kōhao · raupapa wīra10 i tūmanakohia mō ia kōhao
He tauira wīra tōkeke kākano. Ko te pūtau pōuri rawa e rite ana ki tētahi “tau wera”; e ai ki te whakamātautau chi-square, he noa iho te tauira katoa.
07 · Ngā taputapu taunekeneke

Mahia ake e koe ngā tātai

Ngā taputapu katoa →
08 · Rūreti ora

He wīra tūturu, he kāmera, he wā peti

Ka pāho te tēpu ora i tētahi wīra ā-tinana mai i tētahi taiwhanga pāho. Ka pānuitia te hua e te kaitiritiri me te pūnaha tautuhi ā-kāmera, kātahi ka tukuna ki te mata o ia kaitākaro. Ko ngā tūpono ko ngā tūpono Ūropi; ko ngā mea ka rerekē ko te tere, ko te takaroa me te wā peti.

Me pēhea te mahi a te rūreti ora →
00:00
Wīra taiwhanga pāho
He wīra ā-tinana, 80 cm te nuinga o te wā, ka hurihia e te kaitiritiri
ā-tinana
00:00
Ngā kāmera me te whakawaehere
He ataata mai i ngā koki maha, ka pāhotia ki tō mata
~1–3 s
00:20
Wā peti
Ka tuwhera i muri i te utunga o mua, ka kati i te “kua kati ngā peti”
15–30 s
00:45
Te tautuhi i te hua
Ka whakaū te kaitiritiri; ka pānuitia te kōhao e te pūnaha tautuhi ā-kanohi
< 1 s
00:50
Whakatau utu
Ka whakatauria ngā peti e te tūmau, ka whakaatu te pāho i te tohu
aunoa
09 · Hītori me te ahurea

Mai i te awheawhe a Pascal ki Monte Carlo

Te hītori katoa →
1655Te wīra a PascalKa whakamātau a Blaise Pascal i tētahi mīhini nekehanga mutunga kore; ka ora roa ake te wīra huri i te whakaaro.
1796PārihiKa whakaahuatia e tētahi pūrākau te rūreti me te 0 me te 00 i tētahi whare petipeti i te Palais-Royal.
1843Bad HomburgKa whakaurua e François rāua ko Louis Blanc te wīra kore kotahi kia hekea iho ngā utu i ō ngā whare petipeti whakataetae.
1863Monte CarloKa riro i a Blanc te whare petipeti i Monaco; ka noho te kore kotahi hei paerewa Ūropi.
tata ki te 1880Te wīra a JaggerHe maha ngā wiki i mātakitaki ai a Joseph Jagger i ngā wīra, ā, ka whakamahia e ia tētahi wīra tītaha i Monte Carlo.
1891Charles WellsHe maha ngā wā i “whati ai te pēke” i a Wells; ka huri te mahi hei waiata whare whakangahau.
10 · Tūhuratia te pātaka mātauranga

236 whārangi, kotahi mō ia ariā